Quarkus TDD 工作流¶

针对 Quarkus 3.x 服务的 TDD 指南，具备 80% 以上的覆盖率（单元测试 + 集成测试）。专为使用 Apache Camel 的事件驱动架构优化。

何时使用¶

新功能或 REST 端点
缺陷修复或重构
添加数据访问逻辑、安全规则或响应式流
测试 Apache Camel 路由和事件处理器
测试使用 RabbitMQ 的事件驱动服务
验证条件流程逻辑
验证 CompletableFuture 异步操作
LogContext 传播测试

工作流¶

先编写测试（应当失败）
用最小代码实现使其通过
在测试保持绿色时重构
使用 JaCoCo 实现覆盖率（目标 80% 以上）

使用 @Nested 组织的单元测试¶

为了编写全面且可读性强的测试，请遵循以下结构化方法：

@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)
@DisplayName("OrderService Unit Tests")
class OrderServiceTest {

  @Mock
  private OrderRepository orderRepository;

  @Mock
  private EventService eventService;

  @Mock
  private FulfillmentPublisher fulfillmentPublisher;

  @InjectMocks
  private OrderService orderService;

  private CreateOrderCommand validCommand;

  @BeforeEach
  void setUp() {
    validCommand = new CreateOrderCommand(
        "customer-123",
        List.of(new OrderLine("sku-123", 2))
    );
  }

  @Nested
  @DisplayName("createOrder のテスト")
  class CreateOrder {

    @Test
    @DisplayName("有効なコマンドが与えられた場合、注文を永続化してフルフィルメントイベントを発行する")
    void givenValidCommand_whenCreateOrder_thenPersistsAndPublishes() {
      // ARRANGE
      doNothing().when(orderRepository).persist(any(Order.class));

      // ACT
      OrderReceipt receipt = orderService.createOrder(validCommand);

      // ASSERT
      assertThat(receipt).isNotNull();
      assertThat(receipt.customerId()).isEqualTo("customer-123");
      verify(orderRepository).persist(any(Order.class));
      verify(fulfillmentPublisher).publishAsync(receipt);
      verify(eventService).createSuccessEvent(receipt, "ORDER_CREATED");
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("顧客IDが無い場合、BadRequestをスロー")
    void givenMissingCustomerId_whenCreateOrder_thenThrowsBadRequest() {
      // ARRANGE
      CreateOrderCommand invalid = new CreateOrderCommand("", validCommand.lines());

      // ACT & ASSERT
      WebApplicationException exception = assertThrows(
          WebApplicationException.class,
          () -> orderService.createOrder(invalid)
      );

      assertThat(exception.getResponse().getStatus()).isEqualTo(400);
      verify(orderRepository, never()).persist(any(Order.class));
      verify(fulfillmentPublisher, never()).publishAsync(any());
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("永続化失敗時、エラーイベントを記録")
    void givenPersistenceFailure_whenCreateOrder_thenRecordsErrorEvent() {
      // ARRANGE
      doThrow(new PersistenceException("database unavailable"))
          .when(orderRepository).persist(any(Order.class));

      // ACT & ASSERT
      PersistenceException exception = assertThrows(
          PersistenceException.class,
          () -> orderService.createOrder(validCommand)
      );

      assertThat(exception.getMessage()).contains("database unavailable");
      verify(eventService).createErrorEvent(
          eq(validCommand),
          eq("ORDER_CREATE_FAILED"),
          contains("database unavailable")
      );
      verify(fulfillmentPublisher, never()).publishAsync(any());
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("nullコマンドが与えられた場合、NullPointerExceptionをスロー")
    void givenNullCommand_whenCreateOrder_thenThrowsNullPointerException() {
      // ACT & ASSERT
      assertThrows(
          NullPointerException.class,
          () -> orderService.createOrder(null)
      );

      verify(orderRepository, never()).persist(any(Order.class));
    }
  }
}

关键测试模式¶

@Nested 类：按被测方法对测试进行分组
@DisplayName：为测试报告提供易读说明
命名规则：为清晰起见使用 givenX_whenY_thenZ
AAA 模式：显式使用 // ARRANGE、// ACT、// ASSERT 注释
@BeforeEach：为减少重复而统一配置测试数据
assertDoesNotThrow：在不捕获异常的情况下测试成功场景
assertThrows：使用 AssertJ 进行消息验证以测试异常场景
全面覆盖：测试正常路径、null 输入、边界情况和异常
交互验证：使用 Mockito verify() 确认方法调用是否正确执行
Never 验证：使用 never() 确认在错误场景中方法未被调用

测试 Camel 路由¶

@QuarkusTest
@DisplayName("Business Rules Camel Route Tests")
class BusinessRulesRouteTest {

  @Inject
  CamelContext camelContext;

  @Inject
  ProducerTemplate producerTemplate;

  @InjectMock
  EventService eventService;

  @InjectMock
  DocumentValidator documentValidator;

  private BusinessRulesPayload testPayload;

  @BeforeEach
  void setUp() {
    // ARRANGE - テストデータ
    testPayload = new BusinessRulesPayload();
    testPayload.setDocumentId(1L);
    testPayload.setFlowProfile(FlowProfile.BASIC);
  }

  @Nested
  @DisplayName("business-rules-publisher ルートのテスト")
  class BusinessRulesPublisher {

    @Test
    @DisplayName("有効なペイロードが与えられた場合、メッセージをRabbitMQに送信")
    void givenValidPayload_whenPublish_thenMessageSentToQueue() throws Exception {
      // ARRANGE
      MockEndpoint mockRabbitMQ = camelContext.getEndpoint("mock:rabbitmq", MockEndpoint.class);
      mockRabbitMQ.expectedMessageCount(1);

      // テスト用の実エンドポイントをモックに置き換え
      camelContext.getRouteController().stopRoute("business-rules-publisher");
      AdviceWith.adviceWith(camelContext, "business-rules-publisher", advice -> {
        advice.replaceFromWith("direct:business-rules-publisher");
        advice.weaveByToString(".*spring-rabbitmq.*").replace().to("mock:rabbitmq");
      });
      camelContext.getRouteController().startRoute("business-rules-publisher");

      // ACT
      producerTemplate.sendBody("direct:business-rules-publisher", testPayload);

      // ASSERT — .marshal().json(JsonLibrary.Jackson)の後、bodyはJSON文字列
      mockRabbitMQ.assertIsSatisfied(5000);

      assertThat(mockRabbitMQ.getExchanges()).hasSize(1);
      String body = mockRabbitMQ.getExchanges().get(0).getIn().getBody(String.class);
      assertThat(body).contains("\"documentId\":1");
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("ペイロード与えられた場合、JSONに整形")
    void givenPayload_whenPublish_thenMarshalledToJson() throws Exception {
      // ARRANGE
      MockEndpoint mockMarshal = new MockEndpoint("mock:marshal");
      camelContext.addEndpoint("mock:marshal", mockMarshal);
      mockMarshal.expectedMessageCount(1);

      camelContext.getRouteController().stopRoute("business-rules-publisher");
      AdviceWith.adviceWith(camelContext, "business-rules-publisher", advice -> {
        advice.weaveAddLast().to("mock:marshal");
      });
      camelContext.getRouteController().startRoute("business-rules-publisher");

      // ACT
      producerTemplate.sendBody("direct:business-rules-publisher", testPayload);

      // ASSERT
      mockMarshal.assertIsSatisfied(5000);

      String body = mockMarshal.getExchanges().get(0).getIn().getBody(String.class);
      assertThat(body).contains("\"documentId\":1");
      assertThat(body).contains("\"flowProfile\":\"BASIC\"");
    }
  }

  @Nested
  @DisplayName("document-processing ルートのテスト")
  class DocumentProcessing {

    @Test
    @DisplayName("請求書タイプが与えられた場合、正しいプロセッサーにルーティング")
    void givenInvoiceType_whenProcess_thenRoutesToInvoiceProcessor() throws Exception {
      // ARRANGE
      MockEndpoint mockInvoice = camelContext.getEndpoint("mock:invoice", MockEndpoint.class);
      mockInvoice.expectedMessageCount(1);

      camelContext.getRouteController().stopRoute("document-processing");
      AdviceWith.adviceWith(camelContext, "document-processing", advice -> {
        advice.weaveByToString(".*direct:process-invoice.*").replace().to("mock:invoice");
      });
      camelContext.getRouteController().startRoute("document-processing");

      // ACT
      producerTemplate.sendBodyAndHeader("direct:process-document",
          testPayload, "documentType", "INVOICE");

      // ASSERT
      mockInvoice.assertIsSatisfied(5000);
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("検証エラーが与えられた場合、エラーハンドラーにルーティング")
    void givenValidationError_whenProcess_thenRoutesToErrorHandler() throws Exception {
      // ARRANGE
      MockEndpoint mockError = camelContext.getEndpoint("mock:error", MockEndpoint.class);
      mockError.expectedMessageCount(1);

      camelContext.getRouteController().stopRoute("document-processing");
      AdviceWith.adviceWith(camelContext, "document-processing", advice -> {
        advice.weaveByToString(".*direct:validation-error-handler.*")
            .replace().to("mock:error");
      });
      camelContext.getRouteController().startRoute("document-processing");

      // バリデータビーンをモック化して例外をスロー
      when(documentValidator.validate(any())).thenThrow(new ValidationException("Invalid document"));

      // ACT
      producerTemplate.sendBody("direct:process-document", testPayload);

      // ASSERT
      mockError.assertIsSatisfied(5000);

      Exception exception = mockError.getExchanges().get(0).getException();
      assertThat(exception).isInstanceOf(ValidationException.class);
      assertThat(exception.getMessage()).contains("Invalid document");
    }
  }
}

测试事件服务¶

@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)
@DisplayName("EventService Unit Tests")
class EventServiceTest {

  @Mock
  private EventRepository eventRepository;

  @Mock
  private ObjectMapper objectMapper;

  @InjectMocks
  private EventService eventService;

  private BusinessRulesPayload testPayload;

  @BeforeEach
  void setUp() {
    // ARRANGE
    testPayload = new BusinessRulesPayload();
    testPayload.setDocumentId(1L);
  }

  @Nested
  @DisplayName("createSuccessEvent のテスト")
  class CreateSuccessEvent {

    @Test
    @DisplayName("有効なペイロードが与えられた場合、正しい属性でサクセスイベント作成")
    void givenValidPayload_whenCreateSuccessEvent_thenEventPersisted() throws Exception {
      // ARRANGE
      when(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(testPayload)).thenReturn("{\"documentId\":1}");

      // ACT
      assertDoesNotThrow(() ->
          eventService.createSuccessEvent(testPayload, "DOCUMENT_PROCESSED"));

      // ASSERT
      verify(eventRepository).persist(argThat(event ->
          event.getType().equals("DOCUMENT_PROCESSED") &&
          event.getStatus() == EventStatus.SUCCESS &&
          event.getPayload().equals("{\"documentId\":1}") &&
          event.getTimestamp() != null
      ));
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("nullペイロードが与えられた場合、例外をスロー")
    void givenNullPayload_whenCreateSuccessEvent_thenThrowsException() {
      // ARRANGE
      Object nullPayload = null;

      // ACT & ASSERT
      NullPointerException exception = assertThrows(
          NullPointerException.class,
          () -> eventService.createSuccessEvent(nullPayload, "EVENT_TYPE")
      );

      assertThat(exception.getMessage()).isEqualTo("Payload cannot be null");
      verify(eventRepository, never()).persist(any());
    }
  }

  @Nested
  @DisplayName("createErrorEvent のテスト")
  class CreateErrorEvent {

    @Test
    @DisplayName("エラーが与えられた場合、エラーメッセージ付きエラーイベント作成")
    void givenError_whenCreateErrorEvent_thenEventPersistedWithMessage() throws Exception {
      // ARRANGE
      String errorMessage = "Processing failed";
      when(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(testPayload)).thenReturn("{\"documentId\":1}");

      // ACT
      assertDoesNotThrow(() ->
          eventService.createErrorEvent(testPayload, "PROCESSING_ERROR", errorMessage));

      // ASSERT
      verify(eventRepository).persist(argThat(event ->
          event.getType().equals("PROCESSING_ERROR") &&
          event.getStatus() == EventStatus.ERROR &&
          event.getErrorMessage().equals(errorMessage) &&
          event.getPayload().equals("{\"documentId\":1}")
      ));
    }

    @ParameterizedTest
    @DisplayName("不正なエラーメッセージが与えられた場合、例外をスロー")
    @ValueSource(strings = {"", " "})
    void givenBlankErrorMessage_whenCreateErrorEvent_thenThrowsException(String blankMessage) {
      // ACT & ASSERT
      IllegalArgumentException exception = assertThrows(
          IllegalArgumentException.class,
          () -> eventService.createErrorEvent(testPayload, "ERROR", blankMessage)
      );

      assertThat(exception.getMessage()).contains("Error message cannot be blank");
    }
  }
}

测试 CompletableFuture¶

@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)
@DisplayName("FileStorageService Unit Tests")
class FileStorageServiceTest {

  @Mock
  private S3Client s3Client;

  @Mock
  private ExecutorService executorService;

  @InjectMocks
  private FileStorageService fileStorageService;

  private InputStream testInputStream;
  private LogContext testLogContext;

  @BeforeEach
  void setUp() {
    // ARRANGE
    testInputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream("test content".getBytes());
    testLogContext = new LogContext();
    testLogContext.put("traceId", "trace-123");
  }

  @Nested
  @DisplayName("uploadOriginalFile のテスト")
  class UploadOriginalFile {

    @Test
    @DisplayName("有効なファイルが与えられた場合、ファイルアップロード成功とドキュメント情報を返す")
    void givenValidFile_whenUpload_thenReturnsDocumentInfo() throws Exception {
      // ARRANGE
      doAnswer(invocation -> {
        ((Runnable) invocation.getArgument(0)).run();
        return null;
      }).when(executorService).execute(any(Runnable.class));

      when(s3Client.putObject(any(PutObjectRequest.class), any(RequestBody.class)))
          .thenReturn(PutObjectResponse.builder().build());

      // ACT
      CompletableFuture<StoredDocumentInfo> future =
          fileStorageService.uploadOriginalFile(testInputStream, 1024L,
              testLogContext, InvoiceFormat.UBL);

      StoredDocumentInfo result = future.join();

      // ASSERT
      assertThat(result).isNotNull();
      assertThat(result.getPath()).isNotBlank();
      assertThat(result.getSize()).isEqualTo(1024L);
      assertThat(result.getUploadedAt()).isNotNull();

      verify(s3Client).putObject(any(PutObjectRequest.class), any(RequestBody.class));
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("S3アップロード失敗が与えられた場合、CompletableFutureが失敗")
    void givenS3Failure_whenUpload_thenCompletableFutureFails() {
      // ARRANGE — 例外がfutureを通じてプロパゲートされるように同期実行
      doAnswer(invocation -> {
        ((Runnable) invocation.getArgument(0)).run();
        return null;
      }).when(executorService).execute(any(Runnable.class));

      when(s3Client.putObject(any(PutObjectRequest.class), any(RequestBody.class)))
          .thenThrow(new StorageException("S3 unavailable"));

      // ACT
      CompletableFuture<StoredDocumentInfo> future =
          fileStorageService.uploadOriginalFile(testInputStream, 1024L,
              testLogContext, InvoiceFormat.UBL);

      // ASSERT
      assertThatThrownBy(() -> future.join())
          .isInstanceOf(CompletionException.class)
          .hasCauseInstanceOf(StorageException.class)
          .hasMessageContaining("S3 unavailable");
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("LogContextが与えられた場合、非同期操作にコンテキストをプロパゲート")
    void givenLogContext_whenUpload_thenContextPropagated() throws Exception {
      // ARRANGE
      AtomicReference<LogContext> capturedContext = new AtomicReference<>();

      doAnswer(invocation -> {
        capturedContext.set(CustomLog.getCurrentContext());
        ((Runnable) invocation.getArgument(0)).run();
        return null;
      }).when(executorService).execute(any(Runnable.class));

      // ACT
      fileStorageService.uploadOriginalFile(testInputStream, 1024L,
          testLogContext, InvoiceFormat.UBL).join();

      // ASSERT
      assertThat(capturedContext.get()).isNotNull();
      assertThat(capturedContext.get().get("traceId")).isEqualTo("trace-123");
    }
  }
}

资源层测试（REST Assured）¶

@QuarkusTest
@DisplayName("DocumentResource API Tests")
class DocumentResourceTest {

  @InjectMock
  DocumentService documentService;

  @Nested
  @DisplayName("GET /api/documents のテスト")
  class ListDocuments {

    @Test
    @DisplayName("ドキュメントが存在する場合、ドキュメント一覧を返す")
    void givenDocumentsExist_whenList_thenReturnsOk() {
      // ARRANGE
      List<Document> documents = List.of(createDocument(1L, "DOC-001"));
      when(documentService.list(0, 20)).thenReturn(documents);

      // ACT & ASSERT
      given()
          .when().get("/api/documents")
          .then()
          .statusCode(200)
          .body("$.size()", is(1))
          .body("[0].referenceNumber", equalTo("DOC-001"));
    }
  }

  @Nested
  @DisplayName("POST /api/documents のテスト")
  class CreateDocument {

    @Test
    @DisplayName("有効なリクエストが与えられた場合、ドキュメント作成して201を返す")
    void givenValidRequest_whenCreate_thenReturns201() {
      // ARRANGE
      Document document = createDocument(1L, "DOC-001");
      when(documentService.create(any())).thenReturn(document);

      // ACT & ASSERT
      given()
          .contentType(ContentType.JSON)
          .body("""
              {
                "referenceNumber": "DOC-001",
                "description": "Test document",
                "validUntil": "2030-01-01T00:00:00Z",
                "categories": ["test"]
              }
              """)
          .when().post("/api/documents")
          .then()
          .statusCode(201)
          .header("Location", containsString("/api/documents/1"))
          .body("referenceNumber", equalTo("DOC-001"));
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("不正なリクエストが与えられた場合、400を返す")
    void givenInvalidRequest_whenCreate_thenReturns400() {
      // ACT & ASSERT
      given()
          .contentType(ContentType.JSON)
          .body("""
              {
                "referenceNumber": "",
                "description": "Test"
              }
              """)
          .when().post("/api/documents")
          .then()
          .statusCode(400);
    }
  }

  private Document createDocument(Long id, String referenceNumber) {
    Document document = new Document();
    document.setId(id);
    document.setReferenceNumber(referenceNumber);
    document.setStatus(DocumentStatus.PENDING);
    return document;
  }
}

使用真实数据库的集成测试¶

@QuarkusTest
@TestProfile(IntegrationTestProfile.class)
@DisplayName("Document Integration Tests")
class DocumentIntegrationTest {

  @Test
  @Transactional
  @DisplayName("新規ドキュメントをAPIで作成・取得、成功する")
  void givenNewDocument_whenCreateAndRetrieve_thenSuccessful() {
    // ACT - APIで作成
    Long id = given()
        .contentType(ContentType.JSON)
        .body("""
            {
              "referenceNumber": "INT-001",
              "description": "Integration test",
              "validUntil": "2030-01-01T00:00:00Z",
              "categories": ["test"]
            }
            """)
        .when().post("/api/documents")
        .then()
        .statusCode(201)
        .extract().path("id");

    // ASSERT - APIで取得
    given()
        .when().get("/api/documents/" + id)
        .then()
        .statusCode(200)
        .body("referenceNumber", equalTo("INT-001"));
  }
}

使用 JaCoCo 的覆盖率¶

Maven 配置（完整）¶

<plugin>
  <groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>
  <artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>0.8.13</version>
  <executions>
    <!-- テスト実行用エージェント準備 -->
    <execution>
      <id>prepare-agent</id>
      <goals>
        <goal>prepare-agent</goal>
      </goals>
    </execution>

    <!-- カバレッジレポート生成 -->
    <execution>
      <id>report</id>
      <phase>verify</phase>
      <goals>
        <goal>report</goal>
      </goals>
    </execution>

    <!-- カバレッジ閾値を強制 -->
    <execution>
      <id>check</id>
      <goals>
        <goal>check</goal>
      </goals>
      <configuration>
        <rules>
          <rule>
            <element>BUNDLE</element>
            <limits>
              <limit>
                <counter>LINE</counter>
                <value>COVEREDRATIO</value>
                <minimum>0.80</minimum>
              </limit>
              <limit>
                <counter>BRANCH</counter>
                <value>COVEREDRATIO</value>
                <minimum>0.70</minimum>
              </limit>
            </limits>
          </rule>
        </rules>
      </configuration>
    </execution>
  </executions>
</plugin>

运行带覆盖率的测试：

mvn clean test
mvn jacoco:report
mvn jacoco:check

# レポート: target/site/jacoco/index.html

测试依赖¶

<dependencies>
    <!-- Quarkus Testing -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
        <artifactId>quarkus-junit5</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
        <artifactId>quarkus-junit5-mockito</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Mockito -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
        <artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- AssertJ（JUnitアサーション推奨） -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
        <artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
        <version>3.24.2</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- REST Assured -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>io.rest-assured</groupId>
        <artifactId>rest-assured</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Camel Testing -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.camel.quarkus</groupId>
        <artifactId>camel-quarkus-junit5</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

最佳实践¶

测试组织¶

使用 @Nested 类按被测方法分组
使用 @DisplayName 提供便于在报告中查看的测试说明
测试方法命名遵循 givenX_whenY_thenZ 规则
使用 @BeforeEach 设置公共测试数据以减少重复

测试结构¶

使用显式注释（// ARRANGE、// ACT、// ASSERT）遵循 AAA 模式
在成功场景中使用 assertDoesNotThrow
在异常场景中使用 assertThrows 并验证消息
使用 AssertJ 的 contains() 或 isEqualTo() 验证异常消息

测试覆盖率¶

测试所有公共方法的正常路径
测试 null 输入处理
测试边缘情况（空集合、边界值、负 ID、空字符串）
全面测试异常场景
模拟外部依赖（仓库、服务、Camel 端点）
目标行覆盖率 80% 以上，分支覆盖率 70% 以上

断言¶

推荐 AssertJ（使用 assertThat 代替 JUnit 断言）
为可读性使用流畅的 AssertJ API：assertThat(list).hasSize(3).contains(item)
使用 JUnit assertThrows 捕获异常，并使用 AssertJ 验证消息
对于不抛出的成功路径使用 JUnit assertDoesNotThrow
对集合使用 extracting()、filteredOn()、containsExactly()

集成测试¶

使用 @QuarkusTest 进行集成测试
使用 @InjectMock 模拟 Quarkus 测试中的依赖
API 测试优先使用 REST Assured
使用 @TestProfile 进行测试专用配置

事件驱动测试¶

使用 AdviceWith 和 MockEndpoint 测试 Camel 路由
必要时使用 @CamelQuarkusTest 注解（独立 Camel 测试）
验证消息内容、头部和路由逻辑
单独测试错误处理路由
在单元测试中模拟外部系统（RabbitMQ、S3、数据库）

Camel 路由测试¶

使用 MockEndpoint 确认消息流
使用 AdviceWith 将端点替换为 mock，以修改测试路由
测试消息转换和格式化
测试异常处理和死信队列

异步操作测试¶

测试 CompletableFuture 的成功和失败场景
使用 .join() 等待异步完成
验证从 CompletableFuture 传播的异常
验证向异步操作传播 LogContext

性能¶

保持测试快速且相互隔离
在持续模式下运行测试：mvn quarkus:test
使用参数化测试（@ParameterizedTest）处理输入变体
构建可重用的测试数据构建器或工厂方法

Quarkus 特定¶

保持使用最新 LTS 版本（Quarkus 3.x）
定期测试原生编译兼容性
在不同场景中利用 Quarkus 测试配置文件
在本地测试中利用 Quarkus dev 服务
使用 @InjectMock（Quarkus 特定）代替 @MockBean

验证最佳实践¶

始终验证模拟依赖的交互
使用 verify(mock, never()) 确认错误场景中方法未被调用
使用 argThat() 进行复杂的参数匹配
当调用顺序重要时，使用 InOrder（来自 Mockito）进行验证

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